Discover the ins and outs of IVDD, a disease affecting dogs' backs and spinal columns. We've got you covered, from its causes and stages to signs, diagnosis, and treatment options. Learn about surgical and non-surgical approaches, prevention tips, and prognosis.

Let's explore how to keep our canine companions healthy and happy.

Key Takeaways:

  • IVDD (intervertebral disk disease) is an age-related, degenerative condition that affects dogs' backs and spinal columns.
  • There are two types of IVDD: Type 1, which involves rupture of the intervertebral disk, and Type 2, which causes the disk to weaken and bulge.
  • Early detection, prompt veterinary care, and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing IVDD in dogs and ensuring their well-being.

What is IVDD in Dogs? 

IVDD, or intervertebral disk disease, is an age-related, degenerative condition affecting dogs' backs and spinal columns. It occurs when the disks between the spinal bones weaken or rupture, causing pressure on the spinal cord.

Types of IVDD in Dogs

In dogs, IVDD, or intervertebral disk disease, can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2.

Type 1 IVDD involves rupture of the intervertebral disk. This is often not associated with trauma, as the disk can weaken and rupture with time. The material from the disk presses into the spinal cord and often causes paralysis. 

In Type 2 IVDD, the disk does not fully rupture but becomes weakened to the point where it ‘bulges’ out from its normal position between the spinal bones and presses into the spinal cord, causing less severe but still noticeable signs. 

What Causes IVDD in Canines?

The main causes of IVDD are believed to be a combination of genetic predisposition, age-related degeneration of spinal discs, and certain breeds being more prone to the condition.

Breeds with long backs and short legs, such as Corgis and Dachshunds, are more prone to developing IVDD.

Signs & Symptoms of IVDD in Dogs

Here’s a list of common signs of IVDD in dogs:

  • Pain in the neck/back region
  • Inability to walk
  • Shaking or trembling
  • Vocalization when touching around the back end
  • Paralysis or loss of movement in the back legs
  • Inability to urinate or defecate
  • Pain around the lumbar or hip area

Should My Pet Be Seen by a Veterinarian?

Let’s Start!
Should My Pet Be Seen by a Veterinarian?
1. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s appetite?
2. Does your pet have diarrhea or loose stools?
3. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s thirst/water consumption?
4. Is your pet having accidents in the house?
5. Is your pet pacing and unable to settle?
6. Is your pet panting more than usual?
7. Is your pet whining or vocalizing more than usual?
8. Is your pet shaking more than usual?
9. Is your pet hiding or avoiding physical contact more than usual?
10. Is your pet more lethargic and sleeping more than usual?
11. Are you concerned about changes in your pet’s behavior?
12. Is your pet scratching their ears?
13. Is your pet licking their paws more than usual?
14. Does your pet have a rash?
15. Is your pet moving more slowly than usual or having a harder time getting up or down?

Should My Pet Be Seen by a Veterinarian?

1. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s appetite?
2. Does your pet have diarrhea or loose stools?
3. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s thirst/water consumption?
4. Is your pet having accidents in the house?
5. Is your pet pacing and unable to settle?
6. Is your pet panting more than usual?
7. Is your pet whining or vocalizing more than usual?
8. Is your pet shaking more than usual?
9. Is your pet hiding or avoiding physical contact more than usual?
10. Is your pet more lethargic and sleeping more than usual?
11. Are you concerned about changes in your pet’s behavior?
12. Is your pet scratching their ears?
13. Is your pet licking their paws more than usual?
14. Does your pet have a rash?
15. Is your pet moving more slowly than usual or having a harder time getting up or down?
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How is IVDD Diagnosed in Dogs?

A veterinarian will perform a thorough neurological examination to determine the specific location and extent of the spinal cord problem. X-rays may be taken to rule out other causes of back pain, while advanced imaging techniques such as CT scans or MRI scans provide detailed information about the intervertebral disks.

Treatment for Dogs with IVDD 

The treatment approach for IVDD depends on the type and severity of the condition.

  • Type 1 IVDD: Surgical intervention is typically necessary to remove the ruptured disk material and relieve pressure on the spinal cord.
  • Type 2 IVDD: Medical treatment involves crate rest and pain relief medications to manage symptoms. Rehabilitation exercises and physiotherapy may also be recommended.

IVDD Dog Treatment Without Surgery

For type 2 IVDD or milder cases, non-surgical treatment may be pursued. This involves strict crate rest, pain relief medications, and supportive care. Rehabilitation exercises and physical therapy can also help improve mobility and strengthen the back muscles.

How to Prevent IVDD in Canines

While IVDD cannot be prevented entirely, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk:

  • Maintain your dog's weight within a healthy range.
  • Avoid high-impact activities that strain the back, such as jumping or chasing after objects.
  • Engage in low-impact exercises, like gentle walks or scent work classes.
  • Regular veterinary check-ups can help identify early signs of IVDD and ensure appropriate management.

Prognosis for Dogs with IVDD

The prognosis for dogs with IVDD varies depending on the severity of the condition and the promptness of diagnosis and treatment. Surgical intervention for type 1 IVDD has a good success rate, especially if the dog still has deep pain in their toes. Dogs with type 2 IVDD may have longer recovery times and may experience lasting signs of leg weakness or paralysis.

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding IVDD in dogs is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. If you notice any signs or symptoms discussed in this blog, it's important to seek veterinary care promptly. Remember, only a veterinarian can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend the best course of action for your furry friend.

Don't hesitate to schedule a veterinary visit and ensure your dog receives the necessary care. Their well-being is worth it.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is IVDD in dogs fatal?

IVDD itself is not typically fatal, but it can cause significant pain, loss of mobility, and potential complications. With appropriate veterinary care and treatment, many dogs can recover and lead quality lives. However, the earlier the condition is diagnosed and treated, the better the chances of a successful outcome.

What can I do at home to treat IVDD? 

IVDD is a painful, progressive condition. No home treatment will cure your dog. In the short-term keeping your dog as still as possible–in a crate is best whilst waiting for your vet appointment. Do not give any medications to your dog as this can mask signs your veterinarian is looking for to reach a diagnosis. 

Can dogs recover from IVDD? 

IVDD in dogs is a complex condition, and the earlier the issue is diagnosed the higher the chance of survival. Surgical correction carries a good prognosis, & medical and pain management can be highly successful but take much longer. Your dog is always at risk of suffering from this condition again in the future if they do make a full recovery. 

Is IVDD in dogs an inherited disease? 

Yes, there is a strong link between genetics and the occurrence of IVDD in dogs. Lifestyle and environmental factors also play a small part. 

Do IVDD dogs need a wheelchair to get around? 

Whilst recovering from illness, dogs with IVDD need confinement. If permanent damage is present after the recovery period, a wheelchair may be helpful for mobility- talk to your veterinarian.