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Are you worried your dog might have a urinary tract infection (UTI)? Whether this is the first time your dog has had a problem with a UTI or whether they have had repeat episodes, you may have questions about symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
We’ll answer some of your most-asked questions, so you’ll know what to expect.
What Are UTIs in Dogs?
A UTI, or urinary tract infection, in dogs, refers to a bacterial infection that affects the bladder and sometimes the urinary system. It can cause discomfort, inflammation, and various urinary symptoms in dogs.
How Do Dogs Get UTIs?
UTIs in dogs are primarily caused by bacterial infections, the most common bacteria being E.coli. The bacteria enter the urinary tract, usually through the urethra, and multiply, leading to infection and inflammation. Female dogs are more prone to UTIs due to their shorter urethra, which provides easier access to bacteria.
Most dogs experience a single UTI that can be treated quickly without further investigation. However, certain conditions increase the likelihood of recurring UTIs:
- Diabetes: Dogs with diabetes are more susceptible to infections due to high sugar levels in their urine, providing a favorable environment for bacteria to multiply.
- Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence (USMI): Older female dogs commonly develop this condition, which weakens the small muscles that keep the urethra closed. It leads to urinary incontinence and allows bacteria to return to the bladder.
- Congenital Issues: Some dogs are born with predisposing factors, such as abnormal bladder positioning, making them more prone to infection.
- Tumors: Canine cancer or inflammation in the urinary tract can increase the risk of infections.
- Bladder Stones: Different bladder stones require specific treatments and can contribute to developing UTIs.
- Prostate Disease: Male dogs can suffer from prostate infections, which may require several weeks of antibiotics to resolve.
- Spinal Cord Issues: Weakness and incontinence caused by spinal cord disease make dogs more susceptible to infections.
Signs & Symptoms of UTI in Dogs
When a dog has a urinary tract infection (UTI), several signs may indicate its presence. These dog UTI symptoms include:
- Frequent urination
- Blood in the urine
- Straining to pass urine
- Passing small amounts of urine at a time
- Licking the genital area excessively
- Lethargy
- Changes in appetite or thirst
Should My Pet Be Seen by a Veterinarian?
1. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s appetite?
2. Does your pet have diarrhea or loose stools?
3. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s thirst/water consumption?
4. Is your pet having accidents in the house?
5. Is your pet pacing and unable to settle?
6. Is your pet panting more than usual?
7. Is your pet whining or vocalizing more than usual?
8. Is your pet shaking more than usual?
9. Is your pet hiding or avoiding physical contact more than usual?
10. Is your pet more lethargic and sleeping more than usual?
11. Are you concerned about changes in your pet’s behavior?
12. Is your pet scratching their ears?
13. Is your pet licking their paws more than usual?
14. Does your pet have a rash?
15. Is your pet moving more slowly than usual or having a harder time getting up or down?
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Should My Pet Be Seen by a Veterinarian?
1. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s appetite?
2. Does your pet have diarrhea or loose stools?
3. Have you noticed changes in your pet’s thirst/water consumption?
4. Is your pet having accidents in the house?
5. Is your pet pacing and unable to settle?
6. Is your pet panting more than usual?
7. Is your pet whining or vocalizing more than usual?
8. Is your pet shaking more than usual?
9. Is your pet hiding or avoiding physical contact more than usual?
10. Is your pet more lethargic and sleeping more than usual?
11. Are you concerned about changes in your pet’s behavior?
12. Is your pet scratching their ears?
13. Is your pet licking their paws more than usual?
14. Does your pet have a rash?
15. Is your pet moving more slowly than usual or having a harder time getting up or down?
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How Are UTIs Diagnosed in Dogs?
The vet will want to try and confirm the diagnosis of a UTI by looking at a urine sample. Taking a sample of your dog’s urine to your initial appointment can be helpful, so your vet can do an initial basic analysis. A urine dipstick can tell the vet whether there are markers of infection, like the presence of blood. Checking for glucose (sugar) is essential to look for underlying issues like diabetes.
They may also check the concentration of your pet’s urine and look at it under the microscope. Examining urine under the microscope can help identify urine crystals, which could indicate bladder stones. Bacteria, as well as red and white blood cells, may also be seen.
Urine samples can be sent to the laboratory for culture and sensitivity. This is where bacteria are encouraged to grow to identify what type it is and also which antibiotics may be most effective at treating it.
Your vet may also recommend additional tests like X-rays or an ultrasound examination. These are particularly important if your dog suffers from repeat episodes of urinary problems. Underlying bladder stones, prostate issues, tumors, or anatomical abnormalities may be identified this way. Your vet may also find it helpful to get a more sterile urine sample this way. Bacteria from the genitals or environment can contaminate free-catch samples collected at home.
Treatment for Dogs with UTI
Treatment for dogs with UTIs typically involves a course of antibiotics prescribed by a veterinarian. The specific antibiotics and treatment duration depend on the infection's severity and underlying cause. In addition to antibiotics, anti-inflammatories may be prescribed to alleviate discomfort and inflammation.
Home Remedies for Dog UTI
While home remedies may provide some relief, they are not a substitute for veterinary care. It's essential to consult a veterinarian to diagnose and treat a dog's UTI properly. However, promoting proper hydration, providing a clean and stress-free environment, and maintaining good hygiene can support your dog's overall urinary health.
How to Prevent UTI in Dogs
To prevent UTIs in dogs, several measures can be taken. These include ensuring proper hygiene by regularly cleaning the genital area, providing access to fresh and clean water, promoting regular urination and bathroom breaks, avoiding prolonged holding of urine, and scheduling routine veterinary check-ups. It's important to promptly address any underlying health conditions that may increase the risk of UTIs, such as diabetes or anatomical abnormalities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while some urinary tract infections are straightforward, this is not always true. It is essential to get your dog checked over by one of our vets so that they can guide you through the best course of action for your pet. Don’t forget you can make an in-home sick visit appointment with one of our friendly vets if you want your dog to be seen at home.
If you're unsure whether your pet should be seen, schedule a virtual vet visit with BetterVet.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a dog UTI cure itself?
In some cases, mild UTIs may resolve on their own. However, it's crucial to consult a vet for proper diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.
Why does my dog keep getting UTIs?
Recurrent UTIs in dogs may be caused by underlying factors such as anatomical abnormalities, weakened urinary sphincter, bladder stones, or other health conditions. A vet can help determine the cause.
Can a UTI kill a dog?
Untreated or severe UTIs can potentially lead to serious complications, such as kidney infection or sepsis, which can be life-threatening. Seeking veterinary care is crucial.
What does a dog UTI look like?
Signs of a dog UTI include frequent urination, blood in the urine, straining during urination, passing small amounts of urine, excessive licking of the genital area, lethargy, and changes in appetite or thirst.
Can I use a human UTI test on my dog?
No, human UTI tests are not designed or validated for use on dogs. Consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and testing methods for your dog's UTI.
