It can come as a surprise to pet parents that our furry friends get cold too. Despite their fluffy layer of fur, dogs can suffer from winter health problems and even frostbite. Their ears, paws, and tails in particular are extra susceptible in cold, snowy weather.
Frostbite in dogs is a serious condition requiring immediate emergency care, so make sure to follow key preventative steps to keep your pup safe. It's also important to know the signs of symptoms of frostbite and how to treat it, just in case!
Understanding Frostbite in Dogs
Frostbite occurs when a dog is exposed to cold weather for too long. To protect their organs, their bodies reduce blood flow to their extremities (ears, paws, noses, and tails). This lack of blood flow makes their extremities even more susceptible to the cold and can lead to tissue damage and even tissue death, if left untreated.
It's one of the major winter health risks for dogs and pet parents should keep a careful eye out for symptoms, especially if you live in a cold, snowy climate.
There are dogs that should be monitored for frostbite even more closely, as certain breeds are more susceptible to frostbite. Older dogs, short-haired dogs, and small-breed dogs have less ability to regulate their temperature well, and are at additional risk for frostbite.
Recognizing the Signs of Frostbite in Canines
It's relatively easy to recognize frostbite in dogs once you know what to look for. If your pup has been outside in winter, especially for an extended period of time or in the snow, check carefully for any of the following symptoms:
- Cold skin that looks pale or blue and firm to the touch
- Red, inflamed skin on ears, tail, foot pads, or noses
- Sensitive skin on extremities
- Visible ice crystals on any extremities
If you see any of these symptoms, warm your dog as quickly as possible while at the same time seeking treatment from a qualified veterinarian.
Frostbite can be an initial sign of hypothermia in dogs, or it can be a major health concern in its own right, so it's always a good idea for your pup to be evaluated.
Preventing Frostbite on Dogs
Dog winter safety is a big deal. Bundling up your pup in a sweater and booties might be too cute for words, but it actually serves a very important purpose - to help keep them safe!
While our furry friends can get bored cooped up indoors in winter, it's important to minimize outdoor time in extreme cold and snowy conditions, and keep paws and extremities protected from the cold. If you plan to take a winter hike with your dog, make sure to take the proper precautions.
Some key ways to keep your dog safe and protected from frostbite this winter include:
- Making sure they're bundled up with warm well fitted dog booties, clothes, and paw protection before walks
- Brushing your dog's coat daily during winter to keep their fur healthy in cold weather
- Keeping them entertained with indoor activities for cold days - play fetch, tug-of-war, or get them an interactive toy
- Practicing outdoor dog safety if you do have to go outside
Seeking Veterinary Treatment for Frostbite
It's always recommended to see a veterinarian if you suspect your dog has suffered from frostbite, to ensure that the affected tissues recover normally. It's also a good idea to rule out hypothermia or any other life-threatening complications.
Treatment for more advanced frostbite may include topical ointments, oral antibiotics or medications, or, when absolutely necessary, surgical intervention if extensive injury has occurred.
First Aid for Frostbitten Dogs
The first line of emergency care for frostbitten dogs is to warm the affected area, and your pup. Cover your dog with a warm blanket and keep them in a warm, dry room. As you wait for the frostbitten area to thaw out, keep a close eye on your dog for signs of hypothermia.
Hypothermia in dogs can also be a life-threatening condition, so look for the following symptoms if your dog is already suffering from frostbite and cold exposure:
- Shivering
- Lethargy or weakness
- Pale skin
- Shallow breathing
- Muscle stiffness or stumbling
If your dog is showing any of these symptoms, keep a close eye and contact a veterinarian immediately as they will need emergency care.
Frostbite recovery in dogs is normally straightforward, and pups with milder cases should regain blood flow to the affected area after they warm up. If your dog's tissues do not look like they're returning to normal, they may need more advanced treatment or emergency care to recover.
Conclusion
Protecting your furry friend from frostbite is an essential part of winter care for dogs. Knowing the signs and symptoms, plus appropriate cold weather care like booties, warm clothes, and limited outdoor time minimizes risk.
Keep your furry friends safe this winter and stay warm!
If you have any concerns about your pup this season, book a visit today for evaluation and care tips from a qualified veterinarian.
Frequently Asked Questions
How can I tell if my dog has frostbite?
Dogs with frostbite will typically have cold, firm, pale to gray skin that progresses to red, swollen skin. Frostbite occurs in extremities, so check paws, ears, tails, and noses for any signs.
What should I do if I suspect my dog has frostbite?
If you think your dog has frostbite, immediately move them to a warm location and try to warm the affected areas as soon as possible. Make sure that your dog is stable and not exhibiting signs of hypothermia, and contact a veterinarian immediately to make sure your pup is okay.
How can I prevent frostbite in my dog during winter?
Prevent frostbite in dogs by keeping their extremities warm and protected with well fitted booties, hats, and cold weather wear. Make sure to limit outdoor time in winter, especially if it's snowy or extra chilly.
Are certain dog breeds more susceptible to frostbite?
Short-hair dogs are more susceptible to frostbite because they have less protection from cold. You should also take extra precaution with older dogs and small-breed dogs, who have less ability to regulate their temperature well.
Can frostbite have long-term effects on my dog?
Frostbite can cause lasting damage in dogs, especially if untreated. Dogs can suffer from loss of sensation or even require surgery to remove affected tissue, so it's very important to prevent frostbite altogether to keep your pup safe!
